A human rights-based approach is based on the ethical ethos that all human beings have certain rights to which they are entitled. A rights-based approach distinguishes between needs and rights. An unmet need implies the absence of something which is useful or desirable, while an unfulfilled right is a violation of an individual’s entitlements. A focus on rights carries with it a greater sense of urgency, responsibility and obligation for action to ensure that individuals rights are respected, protected and fulfilled.
A right – Something to which one has a just claim. The power or privilege to which one is justly entitled. Something that one may properly claim as due (Marriam-Webster dictionary)
“Human rights are those rights which are essential to life as human beings – basic standards without which people cannot survive and develop in dignity. They are inherent to the human person, inalienable and universal.” – UNICEF
Different language has been used to articulate sexual and reproductive rights. While the precise phrasing varies, there is general agreement that sexual and reproductive rights include the right to health care services; the right to information and education; the right to make decisions, including decisions about marrying and planning a family; the right to sexual enjoyment; the right to be free from violence and discrimination; and the right to participation.
Sexual and Reproductive Rights of Young People*
- The right to be yourself – free to make your own decisions, to express yourself, to enjoy sex, to be safe, to choose to marry (or not to marry), and plan a family
- The right to know – about sex, contraceptives, STIs/HIV, and about your rights
- The right to protect yourself and be protected –from unplanned pregnancies, STIs/HIV and sexual abuse
- The right to have health care – which is confidential, affordable, of good quality and given with due respect
- The right to be involved – in planning programmes with and for youth, attending meetings/seminars etc. at all levels and trying to influence governments through appropriate means.
(*Source: International Planned Parenthood Federation, Voice! How the IPPF/Youth Manifesto can work for you)
